Siam Routes: roads and driving in Thailand

Road conditions in Thailand

However, in rural and mountainous areas, roads can be in poor condition, with potholes and unpaved sections, even turning into dirt tracks in the most remote corners. In some areas, a 4x4 is essential, so make sure you get proper information before venturing too far off the beaten track! Secondary roads can also be more difficult to drive on. Another important point: during the rainy season, torrential downpours can make the roads very slippery and greatly reduce visibility (it's best to stop as soon as possible in a safe place and wait for the storm to pass). There can also be floods and occasional landslides.

Are the roads in Thailand dangerous?

Unfortunately, Thailand is known for having one of the highest road accident rates in the world. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the Siam Routes regularly rank among the 10 deadliest in the world and are the deadliest in ASEAN, with a road death rate of 32.7 per 100,000 inhabitants in 2018, for example.

The main causes of accidents include:

• Drunk driving.
• Speeding.
• Failure to obey traffic rules.
• Motorcyclists not wearing helmets.

It is important to note that deaths and injuries on the Siam Routes mainly involve motorcycle and scooter riders, who account for 3/4 of road victims in Thailand. That's why, if you want to get around on your own during your trip to Thailand, I recommend renting a car rather than a scooter or motorcycle.

Traffic rules in Thailand

The rules of the road – I don't mean the official traffic code, but the way people actually drive on Thai roads – are quite different from what you may be used to. And not just because in Thailand, you drive on the left, but also because of the way priorities and overtaking work, which is nothing like what you see in Europe or North America. Here are some basic rules to know before driving in Thailand:

• Driving on the left: as in the UK, you drive on the left in Thailand.
• Speed limits: 60 km/h in town, 90 km/h on secondary roads and up to 120 km/h on highways.
• Helmets are mandatory for motorcyclists.
• Seatbelts are mandatory for all car occupants.
• Phone use while driving: using a mobile phone without a hands-free kit is prohibited.
• A red light doesn't necessarily stop all cars: cars turning rather than going straight often carry on despite the red light, which becomes more of a yield sign for them.
• Watch out for two-wheelers: they can appear from anywhere, even from the roadside, and you often meet them riding against the traffic on what should be the hard shoulder.
• Watch out for stray dogs: there are a lot of dogs on Thai roads in built-up areas, and many sleep on the road, especially at night but also during the day.
• Cutting corners: Thai drivers very often cut corners on bends. Be particularly careful in the mountains.

Car rental in Thailand

Renting a car in Thailand is relatively simple. As I said, it is certainly more expensive than renting a scooter, but it's safer: fatal accidents are much rarer and, what's more, the requirements for a tourist to rent a car and drive legally with insurance cover are simpler than for a scooter (see my article on renting a scooter in Thailand, in French). You can book a vehicle online on sites like Rentalcars.com or at car rental agencies at airports and in major cities. Here are some important points to consider:

• International driving permit: you must have an international driving permit in addition to your national license to drive a car legally.
• Insurance: check that insurance is included in the rental contract and that it covers all types of damage.
• Suitable vehicle: choose a vehicle suited to your itinerary. For mountain roads, a 4x4 may be necessary.
• Price: prices vary depending on the season and the type of vehicle. Don't hesitate to compare several agencies to get the best rate.

Tips for driving in Thailand

• Caution: drive defensively and always stay alert, especially at night and outside cities.
• GPS: use a reliable GPS or navigation app to avoid getting lost.
• Gas stations: gas stations are frequent on main roads but rarer in rural areas, so fill up regularly.
• Follow local rules: even if some rules may seem less strictly applied, it is important to follow them for your safety and that of others.

Driving in Thailand can be a rewarding experience, giving you the freedom to discover less touristy places at your own pace and create a tailor-made trip to Thailand off the beaten track. However, it is crucial to be well prepared and to stay alert so you can fully enjoy your stay safely.

By following these tips and being aware of the potential challenges, you will be able to explore the Siam Routes with peace of mind and discover the wonders the country has to offer.